ARCA Control Valves in New England

ARCA develops, manufactures, and markets control valves on an international scale primarily for the chemical, food, power, and oil and natural gas industries.

High-performance control valves from ARCA are capable companions in industrial and large-scale power plants by ensuring safe and reliable operation and can be used in all high and low-pressure steam, oil, gas, water/boiler feedwater, and condensate circuits.

Oil and natural gas are the primary sources of energy driving the global economy. ARCA valves have helped ensure production and process reliability in the oil and natural gas industries for many years, and a wide variety of precision-engineered control valves are available that include DN15 (1/2) to DN600 (24") and PN16 to PN400 (ANSI 150-2500) sizes as well as special-purpose valves for all media handled in these areas.

ARCA valves are also indispensable in steel production. Steel production and processing require valves that offer ultra-high performance and a long service life.

Integrated in the bypass section of turbo-compressors, ARCA valves reliably carry out multiple tasks simultaneously by assisting during the start-up and shut-down phases of the compressor.

Concentrated Solar Power plants convert solar radiation into electrical energy. Systems that use  thermal oils as a heat-transfer medium produce temperatures that can reach 400 °C at approximately 40 bar in the solar array. Such applications integrate reliable ECOTROL® 6H high-pressure valves, which feature a bellows seal.

The BIOVENT® control valve developed for the food and pharmaceutical industry, for example, is available in many designs and connection layouts and with drives and positioners in stainless steel to cater to all applications.

For more information on ARCA Control Valves, contact Piping Specialties, Inc. Call them at 800-223-1468 or visit their web site at https://psi-team.com.

FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) Open Air Radar Level Measurement

Non-contact level measurement using radar transmitters for the continuous, contactless level measurement of liquids, pastes, granulates, powders and other solids in a wide variety of industries.

OPERATING PRINCIPLE

• The radar principle used is FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave). The FMCW radar emits a high frequency signal whose frequency increases linearly during the measurement phase (called the frequency sweep). 
• The signal is emitted via an antenna, reflected off the product surface and received with a time delay, t. 
• Time delay, t=2d/c, where d is the distance to the product surface and c is the speed of light in the gas above the product. 
• For further signal processing the difference Δf is calculated from the actual transmitted frequency and the received frequency. 
• The difference is directly proportional to the distance.
• A large frequency difference corresponds to a large distance and vice versa. 
• The frequency difference f is transformed via a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) into a frequency spectrum and then the distance is calculated from the spectrum.
• The level results from the difference between the tank height and the measured distance.

Learn more about this technology by downloading the Drexelbrook DR Series brochure from this PSI web page.

For additional information, call Piping Specialties, PSI Controls at 800-223-1468 or visit their web site at https://psi-team.com.

Piping Specialties Valve Automation Services

By combining years of experience with the industries top manufacturers of valves, valve actuators, and controls, Piping Specialties has established itself as one of New England's premier valve automation centers. When it comes to design, fabrication, assembly and installation of any valve actuation/automation project, PSI's application experience, engineering know-how, and highly trained technicians makes them an easy choice to be your preferred valve automation partner.

For more information visit https://psi-team.com or call 800-223-1468.

Custom 24" Pressure Balance Universal Elbow Expansion Joint by Hyspan

Elbow pressure balanced expansion joints (also known as corner relief expansion joints) are used on piping system where direction changes and the force exerted on piping and /or associated equipment from pressure thrust is intolerable. This arrangement uses dual connected bellows at line pressure acting in opposite directions.

Elbow pressure balanced expansion joints are designed to compensate for axial movement due to these external forces, thereby protecting the system. 

Hyspan, a world leader in the manufacture of bellows expansion joints, packed slip expansion joints and ball joints for industrial applications. Hyspan produces a complete line of flexible tubular products that meet the needs of diverse industries ranging from scientific research to oil refining.

The image above of a 24” NPS Hyflex pressure balance universal elbow expansion joint that is almost 15 feet long used in a geothermal power plant illustrates their ability to engineer and manufacture custom products to meet any need.

For more information about expansion joints or Hyspan products, contact Piping Specialties, Inc. by calling 800-223-1468 or visit their web site at https://psi-team.com.

Setting Up and Calibrating the Drexelbrook MultiPoint II Level Switch

This video demonstrates how to calibrate and set the Drexelbrook MultiPoint II level switch.

The Drexelbrook Multipoint II level switch product offers three control points located anywhere along a single vertically inserted level sensing element. This level switch can be used to provide high level, high-high level, and low level control points. It also provides an adjustable differential feature for one of the control points for pump on/pump off control making it ideal for sump level control. It is designed to be intrinsically safe for Class I Groups A,B,C,D and Class II Groups E,F,G (Div. 1 and 2). The unit is mounted in FM approved explosion proof housing. The MultiPoint II has no moving parts and the need for maintenance is therefore eliminated. The Drexelbrook MultiPoint II is an economical solution for processes requiring multiple operating points.

For more information about level instrumentation, contact Piping Specialties, Inc. / PSI Controls by calling 800-223-1468 or visit their web site at https://psi-team.com.

Inline Process Refractometers in Beer Brewing

Introduction

The first step in the beer brewing process is the preparation of malt grains. The extract received fromthe processing of this raw material is called wort. The second step is fermentation by yeast. The last steps are conditioning and final filtration. After filtration, the beer is ready for bottling.

Instrumentation and Installation

Vaisala K-PATENTS® Sanitary Process Refractometer PR-43-A is used at many stages of the brewery process to determine in real-time and accurately the concentration of dissolved solids. The refractometer takes an optical measurement of the refractive index of a solution and its output can be calibrated in Plato, Brix, Balling, gravity or density, depending on the preference of the brewery.
The Sanitary Refractometer is available with 3-A Sanitary and EHEDG certifications and it withstands CIP/SIP cleaning and rinsing of the facilities.

1. Mash tank

Mashing is the process of mixing the crushed malt with very hot water. In this process, the malted grain breaks down to create enzymes, which become active when exposed to water at a specific temperature. These active enzymes convert the starches into sugars. The resultant sugary liquid is known as the wort. Mashing is a crucial step as it determines the final structure of the beer.
In the mashing stage, the refractometer is used to measure the concentration of the mash in water at the outlet pipe to maintain a consistent concentration. Automatic prism wash with steam or high-pressure hot water is recommended for this application.

2. Lauter Tun

Lauter tun is a vessel used to separate the extracted wort from the spent grain. The solids in the lauter tun are rinsed with water to separate the clear liquid wort from the solids. The liquid concentration gradually decreases during the rinsing.
At the lauter tun the refractometer’s output signal is used to detect the shut-off point for rinsing, thus preventing excessive use of water. Automatic prism wash with steam or high-pressure water is recommended for this application.

3. Wort Boiler (Brew Kettle)

In the wort boiler the wort is pasteurized, and its flavor is adjusted by the addition of hops (or other flavors such as ginger or molasses). The brew is boiled until a certain strength or gravity is achieved. This step is essential for the quality of the final beer.
The refractometer is installed directly on the wort boiler to measure the wort strength/gravity. It provides an instant feedback when the wort has reached its required strength. No by-pass arrangements are required. The purpose is to eliminate sampling, optimize the boiling time, and to improve beer consistency and quality. Automatic prism wash with steam or high-pressure water is recommended for this application.

4. Hot Wort from Boiler to Whirlpool

The refractometer is installed in the wort boiler outlet to monitor the quality of the wort. Before the wort goes on to the next stage, solids are removed from the liquid by using a whirlpool. All hops and other solids are forced to the center of the whirlpool. When the whirlpool is stopped, the solids settle at the bottom, forming a fairly solid central cone. The liquid can then be drained off.

5. Chilled Wort from Heat Exchanger

The wort is cooled down to the correct temperature for the yeast. The refractometer is used for quality control, by a way of measuring the cold wort before it enters the fermentation process. This is an alternative measurement to point 4.

6. Fermentation

Fermentation starts when the yeasts are added to the wort. The yeast converts the sugars and amino acids into alcohol and carbon dioxide. The fermenting reaction is slow, and its progress must be monitored to determine the end point.
The spent yeast settles at the bottom of the tank and is frequently removed. This process helps to clarify the beer.
In fermentation, The refractometer continuously detects the changes in refractive index because of the conversion of sugars into alcohol. This allows monitoring the conversion rate, the degree of fermentation and provides an indirect measurement of the alcohol volume (%) for determining the end point (see also application note Alcoholic Fermentation).

7. Filtering

After fermentation, the beer is let to rest, so that the suspended dead yeast settles at the bottom. This conditioning process helps the maturing of the beer. The refractometer provides a quality control measurement for the wort filtering output.

8. Packing and Interface Detection

Packing is typically done by filling the beer into bottles or aluminum cans via a filling machine. Some brewers may use the same filling line for different products. In this case a Clean-In-Place (CIP) operation is required between the filling of each product.

At the filling line, the refractometer instantly detects the product-to-product and product to-CIP cleaning interfaces in bottling. The refractometer output signal can be utilized for quality control monitoring, and to ensure correct product-to-bottle selection and a product quality within specification.

If the same filling station is used for different products, the refractometer can be used for automated monitoring and controlling of the CIP cleaning process, allowing products to be switched freely. This results in increased productivity, without compromising the end product’s quality and safety.

For more information about the use of process refractometers, contact Piping Specialties, Inc. / PSI Controls by calling 800-223-1468 or visit their web site at https://psi-team.com.

Reprinted with permission from Vaisala/K-Patents.

MOGAS Valve Selection Guide

For over 40 years MOGAS has designed and manufactured valves exclusively for the severe service market.  No leakage, limited maintenance and superior reliability make a MOGAS valve the easiest and most cost-effective valve to operate. Their portfolio of valve solutions lets you choose the design trim, materials, and coatings that provide your severe service application the best protection.

MOGAS is well-known in the power generation and process industries for solving critical problems that routinely plague these plants: leaking valves; seat erosion; blown packing; and the inability to isolate critical equipment.

Proudly made in the USA, each MOGAS valve carries an application-specific performance guarantee.

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DOWNLOAD THE MOGAS VALVE SELECTION GUIDE FROM THIS PSI WEB PAGE

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Piping Specialties, Inc - PSI Controls
800-223-1468
https://psi-team.com

Why Use LINK-SEAL®?

LINK-SEAL® is a modular elastomer sealing system that creates a permanent, hydrostatic seal for almost any cylindrical object as it traverses a barrier. The modular LINK-SEAL ® seals are the primary technique for sealing tubes of any size continuously through walls and ceilings. Indeed, any cylinder-shaped item can be secured against water, soil or backfill material rapidly, readily and permanently.

LINK-SEAL® FEATURE AND BENEFITS

• Install in up to 75% less time compared to lead-oakum joints, hand-fitted flashings, mastics, or casing boots.
• Rated at 20 psig (40ft of head), which exceeds the performance requirements of most applications.
• Designed for use as a permanent seal. Seal elements are specially compounded to resist aging and attack from ozone, sunlight, water, and a wide range of chemicals.
• Standard fasteners have a two-part zinc dichromate and proprietary corrosion inhibiting coating. Corrosion resistant 316 stainless steel available for maximum corrosion protection.
• NSF 61 and Factory Mutual Fire Approved materials available. Also carry a wide variety of approvals from various Federal agencies, associations, code groups, laboratories, and organizations.
• Manufactured in an ISO 9001certified facility.
• 16 sizes, color-coded EPDM, Nitrile, and Silicone elastomers may be used with various hardware options to match performance characteristics with service conditions.

LINK-SEAL® SPECIFICATIONS

• Pressure resistant to 20psig (40 ft of head)
• Standard  — EPDM – rubber (black)
• Oil Resistant — Nitrile rubber (green)
• Temperature resistant — Silicone rubber (gray)
• Low Durometer for fragile pipe — EPDM rubber (blue) Shore 40 ± 5
• Hardware Options - S316 Stainless Steel and Zinc Dichromate Coated Steel (1470 hr salt spray tested) hardware

LINK-SEAL® APPLICATIONS

Mechanical Contractors - Interior Piping Systems, Manhole Pipe Entry Seals, Waste Treatment Plants, Cased Road Crossings, Thermal Storage Systems, Fire Protection Wall Penetrations, Cased Railroad Crossings, Electrical Isolation of Pipes, Precast Concrete Vault Seals, Insulated Pipe Seals, Dual Containment Seals, Marine Applications, Noise Dampening, Flexible Sign & Pole Supports, Electrical Isolation of Pipe Supports, Mining, Pulp & Paper, Decorative Fountains, Pool Contractors, Electrical Contractors, Waste & Water Treatment, Telecommunications, Valve Pits, Refrigeration Buildings, Guard Post Assemblies, Power Generation Dams, Offshore Oil Rigs, High Pressure Tank Guards, Underground Steel Tanks, Precast Concrete Manufacturers, Perimeter Berm Installations Around Tank Farms, Flow Restrictions in Sewer Maintenance, Fluid Overflow Devices, Noise and Sway Dampener, Through Deck Fire Breaks, Bridge Construction, Septic Tank Installations, Coal Preparation Plants, Tunneling Operations.

For more information on LINK-SEAL® modular wall seals, contact Piping Specialties, Inc. Call them at 800-223-1468 or visit their web site at https://psi-team.com.

A-T Controls / TRIAC Valves and Actuators from Piping Specialties, Inc.

A-T Controls, Inc. designs, develops and manufactures valves, actuators and valve control products. Founded in 1994, A-T Controls currently operates out of the primary facility in Cincinnati, Ohio and another in Stafford, Texas with several sales offices throughout North America. Their products are used in virtually every industry including: Oil & Gas, Refining, Petrochemical, Chemical Processing, Pulp & Paper, Mining, Transportation, Food and Beverage, Pharmaceuticals, Marine, HVAC, and Power.

AT CONTROLS / TRIAC PRODUCTS:

• Ball Valves
• Butterfly Valves
• Rack & Pinion Pneumatic Actuators
• Electric Actuators
• Heavy Duty / Scotch Yoke Actuators
• Floor Mounted Damper Drives
• Gear Operators
•  Limit Switches

For more information, contact Piping Specialties, Inc.
https://psi-team.com
800-223-1468

Plugged Chute Detection for Granular Materials

Detecting plugs in granular material conveying chutes is difficult due to the heavy, abrasive materials and dusty, coating nature of the environment. Many technologies used to detect material movement in chutes have considerable downside. For instance, regulatory requirements and source disposal problems make nuclear gauges an unappealing choice, insertion type sensors are quickly damaged by falling material, microwave sensors require two mounting windows to operate, and vibrating chute walls can damage electrical components.

A better alternative is the Drexelbrook Intellipoint RF Admittance Plugged Chute Detector. Its design allows for the reliable detection of a plugged chute, reducing costly downtime and material spill over.

The Drexelbrook plugged chute detector, also known as a blocked chute switch, reliably detects the presence or absence of bulk solids material flowing through chutes in an economical way without sacrificing flow speed. If process material stops flowing due to a plugged condition, the flush mounted capacitance sensing element will alarm, allowing further action to occur (alerting an operator, shutting down a conveyor belt, etc.). The Cote shield circuitry ignores even heavy coatings, and the flush mounted sensing element does not interfere with material flow. There are no moving parts to wear or jam, and thus, it requires virtually no maintenance. In fact, the Intellipoint Mean Time To Failure (MTTF) is calculated to more than 110 years!

There are no regulatory requirements with the adoption of the Intellipoint, and system electronics can be mounted remotely to eliminate vibration concerns. Due to the rugged sensor design this point level switch is ideal for coal, wood chips, ores and powders. This point level switch automatically recognizes and ignores coatings to prevent false alarms and, as it is flush mounted through a chute wall, nothing protrudes into the chute to interfere with or obstruct material flow.

Choosing the Intellipoint provides reliable detection of plugged chutes that will keep your plant running smoothly and virtually eliminates spills occurring due to plugged conditions.

Key Features

• Curved and flat sensors are available
• DPDT relay dry contacts at 5A, 120VAC
• Less maintenance than other technologies; no moving parts to hang up or wear out
• Uses Drexelbrook PML series electronics
• Supply voltage: 19-250 VAC, 18-200 VDC, Auto-detecting without jumpers

For more information, contact Piping Specialties, Inc. by calling 800-223-1468 or by visiting https://psi-team.com.

Mounting and Adjusting a Rack & Pinion Actuator

A-T Controls is a global leader in the design, manufacturing and sale of manual & automated process valves for all types of industries.

This video details the steps required to mount and adjust a TRIAC rack and pinion actuator to an AT Controls ball valve.

Piping Specialties sells, services, and automates A-T Controls valves and TRIAC actuators in New England.

For more information, contact Piping Specialties by calling 800-223-1468 or visiting https://psi-team.com.

Guide to Industrial Refractometer Applications

Industrial refractometer
(K-Patents)

As a general rule, refractometers measure the concentration of any dissolved material in a liquid. A typical measured medium is a binary solution, but it can also be a mixture of more than two components. In multi-component solutions this is a checksum; if one of the components is wrong, the overall refractive index value changes.

The potential applications in different industries are countless. Although the manufacturing process, environment and processing medium vary from industry to industry, all basic unit operations and control strategies are roughly the same despite of the end product.

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DOWNLOAD THE FULL GUIDE HERE

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Applications discussed in the application guide include:

• Crystallizers
• Reactors
• Evaporation
• Ultrafiltration
• Reverse Osmosis
• Spray Dryers
• Dissolving Tanks
• Solid / Liquid Extraction
• Cooking Processes
• Ion Exchangers
• Absorbers and Wet Scrubbers
• Distillation
• Interface Detection

For more information about the application of industrial refractometers in manufacturing processes, contact Piping Specialties / PSI Controls by calling 800-223-1468 or by visiting their web site at https://psi-team.com.

Basics of Industrial Globe Valves

Exploded view of globe valve
(courtesy of Conval)

Globe valves work differently when compared to gate valves, ball valves, butterfly valves and plug valves in process control applications. They are primarily used to control the flow inside pipes, and are popular in a wide variety of industries. Globe control valves are ideal in situations where precise control is required. They are used to regulate flow in pipelines with a high degree of accuracy by regulating a pressures drop created in the valve body that allows the fluid to pass through the passageway (port) in the valve body. The control valve stem provides linear motion to control flow, opening and closing the valve by changing the distance between valve disc and seat. The flow in the pipeline changes according to the position of the disc lifting from the seat. The movement is controlled through the use of manual operators, or through the use of electric or pneumatic actuators.

Applications of Globe Valves

Globe valves are used in many different industries, but particularly in the petrochemical and power generation industries on fuel oil pipes, chemical feed systems, steam pipes, as well as cooling water and feedwater systems.  Other industrial applications of globe valve include boiler, main steam vents, and turbine lube oil systems.

Pros

Globe valves have many advantages that make them preferable over other valve designs. Globe control valves have excellent shut-off and throttling capabilities. In addition, globe valves are easy to maintain and repair compared to other valves.

Cons

Internal view of globe valve
(Conval)

Globe valves have also certain shortcomings. For instance, globe valves have an S-shaped flow pattern (as opposed to a straight-through flow pattern) which creates a significant pressure drop making them unsuitable for applications constant pressure is required.  Another shortcoming of the globe valves is they generally require greater torque to open and close, requiring larger actuators to properly seat the valve.

For more information on industrial globe valves, or any type of industrial valve, contact Piping Specialties, Inc. by calling 800-223-1468 or by visiting https://psi-team.com.

MOGAS Critical Service Valves Fire Tested to API 607 and API 6F3

This video explains the MOGAS approach to fire testing their severe service ball valves to API requirements.

• API 607, 7th Ed. Fire Test for Quarter-turn Valves and Valves Equipped with Nonmetallic Seats
• API 6FA, 3rd Ed. Specification for Fire Test for Valves

Piping Specialties, Inc.

https://psi-team.com

800-223-1468

Hyspan Series 1500 Laminated Bellows Expansion Joints

Pipe expansion or contraction resulting from temperature changes is independent of line size; however, the bellows elements of small diameter expansion joints have less ability to absorb motion than larger sizes because of restrictions on the corrugation size. Recognizing these shortcomings, Hyspan® developed Series 1500 Laminated Bellows Expansion Joints for applications that involve axial motion.

The bellows elements are designed with up to four individual thicknesses or laminations of precision stainless steel foil. This design procedure combines the high flexibility of thin material while providing the pressure resistance of multiple laminations. 

As a comparison, a bellows made from four plies of 0.008" thick material has the same pressure rating as a single thickness of0.016" thick, but the laminated construction will deflect twice as much and requires only one-half the force to compress.

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DOWNLOAD THE FULL LAMINATED BELLOWS EXPANSION JOINT CATALOG AT THE PIPING SPECIALTIES WEBSITE HERE

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Piping Specialties, Inc.
https://psi-team.com
800-223-1468

The Pratt Industrial TE Series Triple Offset Butterfly Valve

The Triple Offset Butterfly valve has been designed to answer the industries demand for an alternate solution to gate valves and ball valves where weight, space,  performance, and the ability to modulate to the process flow were an issue.

Pratt Industrial Triple Offset Butterfly Valves are from the family of quarter-turn valves. This valve is designed and manufactured to meet API 609 and ASME B16.34 specifications.

Applications

• Block/Isolation
• Modulating; manual, pneumatic, or electric motor operators.

Industries

• Refinery
• Chemical
• Petrochemical
• Power
• Steam Generation
• Water/Waste Water Treatment

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DOWNLOAD THE PRATT INDUSTRIAL TE SERIES TRIPLE OFFSET BUTTERFLY VALVE FROM THIS WEB PAGE

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What Are LINK-SEALS?

Considered to be the premier method for permanently sealing pipes of any size passing through walls, floors and ceilings, LINK-SEALS® are a modular, elastomer sealing system that creates a permanent, hydrostatic seal for nearly any cylindrical object as it passes through a barrier. With LINK-SEALS®, any cylindrical object may be quickly, easily and permanently sealed against the entry of water, soil or backfill material.

Why You Should Use LINK-SEALS®:

• Install in up to 75% less time compared to lead-oakum joints, hand-fitted flashings, mastics, or casing boots.
• Designed for use as a permanent seal. Seal elements are specially compounded to resist aging and attack from ozone, sunlight, water, and a wide range of chemicals.
• Rated at 20 psig (40ft of head), which exceeds the performance requirements of most applications.
• NSF 61 and Factory Mutual Fire Approved materials available. Also carry a wide variety of approvals from various Federal agencies, associations, code groups, laboratories, and organizations.
• Standard fasteners have a two-part zinc dichromate and proprietary corrosion inhibiting
  
  coating. Corrosion resistant 316 stainless steel available for maximum corrosion protection.
• Manufactured in an ISO 9001certified facility.
• 16 sizes, color-coded EPDM, Nitrile, and Silicone elastomers may be used with various hardware options to match performance characteristics with service conditions.

For more information about LINK-SEALS®, contact Piping Specialties, Inc.
https://psi-team.com
800-223-1468

Jet Pump (Eductor) Theory of Operation

Jet Pump (courtesy of Emerson Penberthy)

Also known as eductors, jet pumps operate on the principles of fluid dynamics. An operating fluid medium, which is referred to as the MOTIVE, placed under pressure, enters the inlet and is forced through the nozzle where it is converted into a high-velocity stream. This high-velocity stream decreases the pressure in the suction chamber, creating a partial vacuum that draws the suction material into the chamber where it is entrained by the motive medium. Once the SUCTION stream is drawn in, shear between the motive medium and the transported material causes both media to be intermixed and pumped out the DISCHARGE outlet, dispelled at a pressure greater than that of the SUCTION stream but lower than that of the MOTIVE. This basic principle of fluid dynamics is what makes jet pumps work.

MOTIVE:

This function is the power phase of the pumping operation. At this stage, the velocity of the motive medium increases as it passes through a nozzle. This phase of the pumping operation takes advantage of the kinetic properties of the motive medium, whether it is liquid, steam or gas. Because of this, design differences may exist within the motive connection of the jet pump.

For instance, jet pumps with liquid motives use a converging nozzle, since liquids usually cannot be compressed. On the other hand, jet pumps with gas or steam motives use converging/ diverging nozzles to achieve transsonic flow velocity. The critical flow paths of all jet pumps are machined smoothly with no abrupt turns or steps in order to produce the most efficient flow during the motive function. Without this direct flow design and smooth interior surface, the jet pump would not operate at peak efficiency.

Click for larger view.

This connection is where the pumping action takes place. The high velocity stream of the motive causes a drop in pressure in the suction chamber. This allows pressure in the suction vessel to push a liquid, steam or gas into the suction chamber of the jet pump. This, in turn, is entrained by the high-velocity motive stream emerging from the inlet nozzle.

DISCHARGE:

As the motive flow combines with the suction medium, some kinetic energy of the motive is transferred to the suction, mixing and discharging at a reduced pressure. The amount of pressure that can be recovered depends on the ratio of motive flow to suction flow, plus the amount of suction pressure built up in the suction vessel. Kinetic energy is converted back to pressure as the mixed media passes through the diverging taper and is discharged from the pump.

For more information about jet pumps and their applications, contact Piping Specialties, Inc. by calling 800-223-1468 or by visiting their web site at https://psi-team.com.

Direct Acting and Pilot Operated Pressure Relief Valve Operation

Here is a clear and well illustrated tutorial video demonstrating the operational principals of pilot and direct acting pressure relief valves.

There are many available configurations of pressure relief and safety valves, each tailored to accommodate a particular set of application criteria. Understanding how these valves work is important to their proper selection and application to industrial processes and their control.

Safety mindedness is critical for these applications, and you should always talk to an experienced applications expert before specifying or installing these products. Product performance and selection information, as well as application assistance, is available from your local product specialists.

Piping Specialties, Inc.
https://psi-team.com
800-223-1468

Problems with Measuring Level of High Density Pulp Stock

Level Measurement in Pulp Stock has posed problems for a wide range of level measurement technologies. In most pulp mills this is the most challenging application on site.

The environment in the high-density pulp tank is very corrosive to most common metals and the clouds of dense steam vapors that rise from the stock and foaming surface of the level are a constant source of signal loss for many non-contact technologies.

Due to the size of the vessel and density of the stock, mechanical devices are typically short  lived.Stock coatings that form on all interior surfaces add additional mechanical stress and the pulp coating deposits can adversely affect accurate level measurement performance.

One of the challenges of a level measurement device is to control the level in the stock tank, thereby helping to control the average pulp density by controlling the speed of the pump.The response time of the level measurement system is critical in controlling the pump speed and reducing pump oscillations and surges that will eventually reduce the life of the pump.Too slow of a response from the level instrument will allow the level to rise above it ’s optimum density level and cause excessive loading and wear on the pump.

DOWNLOAD THE FULL APPLICATION NOTE HERE

Piping Specialties, Inc.
PSI Controls
https://psi-team.com
800-223-1468

Problems with Measuring Level of High Density Pulp Stock from Piping Specialties, Inc and PSI Controls